Spina bifida is the incomplete formation of the spine and spinal cord which occurs during the first month of a baby's development in the womb. It is a common form of a neural tube defect (NTD). People with spina bifida have varying degrees of permanent disability including paralysis or weakness in the legs, bowel and bladder incontinence, hydrocephalus and specific learning difficulties. However, many are able to lead full, active and independent lives.
The specific causes of spina bifida are not known, however it is thought that a complex combination of both genetic and environmental factors play a role.
In Victoria 30-35 babies are identified annually with
spina bifida and of those between seven and 15 survive after birth. About 5,000 people in Australia have spina bifida with approximately 2,000 of those living in Victoria.
There is no cure for spina bifida, however women who take increased amounts of folate one month before and three months after conception reduce the risk of their child developing the condition by up to 70 per cent.